Key State RolesRequire Preparation of Affordable Housing Plans
Some states require municipalities to undertake planning processes intended to help identify opportunities for the development of affordable homes and improve local effectiveness in the delivery of those homes. The resulting "housing element" or plan may be incorporated into a regularly-updated comprehensive plan that provides a framework for future development and guides local land use decisions.
For example, California state law requires all municipalities to prepare and submit a "housing element" for review by the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD), as part of a long-term comprehensive planning process that is not otherwise subject to substantial state review. The housing element must include a housing needs analysis and site inventory, identification of government constraints to development of new homes and an action plan for achieving the local housing goals set by regional councils of governments. HCD certifies local plans as compliant and, in theory, may challenge a non-complying municipality in court to prevent the issuance of building permits until adoption of a legally valid housing element.
See also:
- The Florida Growth Management and Land Development Regulation Act requires municipalities to include in their comprehensive plans a housing element that details goals, objectives and programs for meeting current and projected housing needs.
- The Washington Growth Management Act was passed in 1990 to encourage cooperative and coordinated comprehensive land use planning, and requires the fastest-growing "fully planning counties" to issue guidance on regional issues, including affordable housing.
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